Q: What is the purpose of a security framework?
- Create security controls to protect marketing campaigns
- Establish policies to expand business relationships
- Build plans to help mitigate risks and threats to data and privacy
- Develop procedures to help identify productivity goals
Explanation: To provide assistance in mitigating risks and threats to data and privacy, the goal of a security framework is to construct appropriate strategies. Security frameworks provide companies a collection of organized techniques, standards, and best practices that they may use to build comprehensive security procedures, policies, and controls to safeguard sensitive data, assets, and privacy from a variety of threats and dangers.
Q: Which of the following characteristics are examples of biometrics?
Select all that apply.
- Eye scan
- Fingerprint
- Palm scan
- Password
Explanation: For the purposes of identification and authentication, biometrics refers to the use of a person's physical or behavioral features that are distinct from each other. Since passwords are not intrinsic physical or behavioral qualities of persons, they are not considered to be biometric characteristics, although they are used for authentication purposes.
Q: Which of the following statements accurately describe the CSF? Select
all that apply.
- The protect function of the CSF involves returning affected systems back to normal operation.
- The identify function of the CSF involves managing cybersecurity risk and its effects on an organization’s people and assets.
- Implementing improvements to a security process is part of the respond function of the CSF.
- The CSF is a voluntary framework that consists of standards, guidelines, and best practices to manage cybersecurity risk.
Explanation: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) is generally regarded for offering a flexible and comprehensive approach to managing cybersecurity risk in companies. These statements highlight the key roles and features of the CSF.
Q: A security team establishes controls, including permission settings that
will be used to create multiple security points that a threat actor must get
through to breach their organization. Which OWASP principle does this scenario
describe?
- Defense in depth
- Separation of duties
- Principle of least privilege
- Keep security simple
Explanation: According to the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), the scenario that was described, in which a security team implements controls with authorization settings to create numerous security points that a threat actor must traverse through to enter the business, is consistent with the Defense in depth concept. A defense-in-depth strategy includes integrating many levels of security controls throughout an information technology system. The goal of this strategy is to offer redundancy and reinforce the overall security posture against a variety of attacks. Taking this method assures that even if one layer is compromised, other levels will continue to be unaffected, hence reducing the likelihood of an attack being successful.
Q: What are some of the primary objectives of an internal security audit?
Select all that apply.
- Help security teams identify organizational risk
- Avoid fines due to a lack of compliance
- Reduce the amount of data on a network
- Determine what needs to be improved in order to achieve the desired security posture
Explanation: The purpose of these goals is to evaluate and upgrade the security measures that are in place inside a company to guarantee compliance with laws, reduce risks, and improve the overall security posture. Under most circumstances, the option "Reduce the amount of data on a network" is not considered to be a fundamental aim of a security assessment.
Q: Fill in the blank: In an internal security audit, _____ involves
identifying potential threats, risks, and vulnerabilities to decide
what security measures should be implemented.
- establishing the scope and goals
- conducting a risk assessment
- communicating to stakeholders
- assessing compliance
Explanation: During an internal security audit, the process of performing a risk assessment entails determining possible threats, dangers, and vulnerabilities to determine which security measures the organization needs to put into place. The present security posture of the company may be better understood with the assistance of this approach, which also assists in prioritizing steps to minimize all identified risks and vulnerabilities.
Q: A security analyst performs an internal security audit. They determine
that the organization needs to install surveillance cameras at various store
locations. What are they working to establish?
- Physical controls
- Technical controls
- Administrative controls
- Communication controls
Explanation: Through the process of establishing physical controls, the security analyst has determined that the business must install surveillance cameras at many different retail locations. The term "physical controls" refers to security measures that limit access to assets, facilities, and resources by physical means. To monitor and safeguard the physical regions that are located inside the grounds of the organization, one method of physical control that is used is the installation of surveillance cameras.
Q: What information is typically communicated to stakeholders after
completion of an internal security audit? Select three answers.
- Comprehensive details about each part of the process
- Compliance regulations to be adhered to
- Strategies for improving security posture
- Results and recommendations
Explanation: This contains suggestions for strengthening security as well as results from the audit, vulnerabilities that were detected, and other important information.Based on the results of the audit, below are some suggestions and ideas for improving the overall security measures of the firm.In the event that it is relevant to the audit scope, detailed information on the regulatory requirements that the company is required to comply with.
Q: How do organizations use security frameworks to develop an effective
security posture?
- As a guide to identify threat actor strategies
- As a policy to protect against phishing campaigns
- As a policy to support employee training initiatives
- As a guide to reduce risk and protect data and privacy
Explanation: To mainly serve as a guide for reducing risk and protecting data and privacy, organizations use security frameworks to build a successful security posture. Organizations can increase their entire security posture by using security frameworks, which offer defined methodologies, standards, guidelines, and best practices of their own. Through the implementation of a security framework, firms can systematically identify and reduce risks, safeguard sensitive data, and build effective security procedures across a variety of elements of their operations.
Q: Fill in the blank: A security professional uses _____ to convert data
from a readable format to an encoded format.
- authentication
- encryption
- authorization
- confidentiality
Explanation: To convert data from a format that can be read to a format that can be encoded, a security expert will utilize encryption. The process of converting plaintext, or data that can be read, into ciphertext, or data that has been encoded, is known as encryption. This process is accomplished by using an encryption algorithm and a cryptographic key. This procedure guarantees that the data will continue to be completely safe and unreadable to any unauthorized users or threat actors who may be able to intercept it.
Q: You work as a security analyst for a community organization that has
large amounts of private data. Which core principle of the CIA triad do you use
to ensure private information is kept safe?
- Consistency
- Integrity
- Availability
- Confidentiality
Explanation: When it comes to ensuring the safety of private information, the CIA triad's primary principle of confidentiality is the one that you would utilize. In the context of information security, confidentiality guarantees that sensitive data is safeguarded against unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification. It also ensures that only authorized personnel or systems can access the data. You must adhere to this guideline to protect the confidential information that your community group has from any possible dangers or unauthorized disclosure.
Q: A security team considers how to avoid unnecessarily complicated
solutions when implementing security controls. Which OWASP principle does this
scenario describe?
- Principle of least privilege
- Keep security simple
- Defense in depth
- Fix security issues correctly
Explanation: According to the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), the situation presented, in which a security team strives to avoid solutions that are needlessly difficult while establishing security measures, is consistent with the philosophy of keeping security simple. To ensure that security implementations are obvious, controllable, and less prone to mistakes or vulnerabilities, this concept argues for giving priority to security measures that are easy and effective rather than complicated solutions.
Q: Fill in the blank: The planning elements of an internal security audit
include establishing scope and _____, then conducting a risk assessment.
- goals
- limitations
- controls
- compliance
Explanation: Conducting a risk assessment is the first step in the planning process for an internal security audit, which also includes determining the scope and objectives of the audit. Prior to moving on to the next step, which is to analyze and evaluate risks inside the company, this process entails establishing the objectives and bounds of the audit (scope), as well as determining what the audit seeks to accomplish (goals).
Q: What information is typically communicated to stakeholders after
completion of an internal security audit? Select three answers.
- Strategies for improving security posture
- Existing risks that need to be addressed now or in the future
- Detailed data about past cybersecurity incidents
- A summary of the goals
Explanation: Plans and recommendations to improve the overall security measures of the company, depending on the results of the audit. Identification and evaluation of existing and prospective dangers that call for attention or mitigation are both included in this process. In this section, we will provide an overview of the objectives and goals of the security audit, detailing what it was that we wanted to accomplish via the review process.
Q: What does a security professional use to create guidelines and plans
that educate employees about how they can help protect the organization?
- Security hardening
- Security posture
- Security framework
- Security audit
Explanation: The implementation of a security framework by a security professional allows for the creation of rules and programs that educate workers about how they may contribute to the protection of the business. With the use of security frameworks, workers may be educated on security policies, procedures, and best practices. These frameworks provide organized methods, standards, guidelines, and best practices that can be customized to meet their specific needs. Organizations can develop a complete security posture with the assistance of these frameworks, which handle many areas of cybersecurity, such as staff awareness and training programs.
Q: Fill in the blank: An employee using multi-factor authentication to
verify their identity is an example of the _____ process.
- encryption
- integrity
- confidentiality
- authentication
Explanation: As an illustration of the authentication process, consider the scenario in which an employee uses multi-factor authentication to validate their identity. Before allowing access to resources or systems, authentication is the process of validating the identity of a person or device to guarantee that they are who they claim to be. Authentication is also known as authentication verification. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security measure that requires users to give several forms of verification, such as passwords, biometrics, or security tokens. This strengthens security by lowering the chance of unauthorized access even if one of the verification factors is compromised.