Week 3 – The project management life cycle and methodologies

 

1. Which term refers to the process of initiating a project, making a plan, executing and completing tasks, and closing a project?

Answers

·        Waterfall methodology

·        Project life cycle

·        Agile methodology

·        Project management methodology

Explanation: Project Life Cycle is the word that is used to refer to the full process of launching a project, establishing a plan, executing and finishing tasks, and then concluding a project. The many phases and stages that a project goes through may be summed up under the umbrella term known as the project life cycle, which begins with the project's inception and ends with its conclusion. Initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and regulating, and finally closure are typical components of each of these stages. There are distinct actions and goals associated with each phase of the project, all of which contribute to its ultimate success.

 

2. Why should project managers always make a plan (phase two) before executing and completing tasks (phase three)?

Answers

·        Because executing and completing tasks is crucial to understanding scope, cost, and timeline

·        Because creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities is crucial to developing the project charter

·        Because executing and completing tasks is crucial to creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities 

·        Because creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities is crucial to executing and completing tasks

 

3. What is the term for a set of guiding principles and processes for owning a project through its life cycle?

Answers

·        Project management methodology 

·        Waterfall methodology

·        Life cycle methodology

·        Project life cycle

Explanation: The phrase "Project Management Methodology" refers to a set of guiding concepts and methods that may be used to take ownership of a project throughout its life cycle. The planning, carrying out, and finishing of projects may be done in a planned and organized manner with the use of a methodology for project management. It describes the best practices, tools, and procedures for managing projects in an efficient and effective manner to assure their completion. Methodologies for managing projects include Agile, Waterfall, Scrum, and PRINCE2, each of which has its own unique set of guiding principles and procedures that are designed to be applicable to a diverse range of project contexts and objectives.

 

4. Which answer best describes the Waterfall project management methodology?

Answers

·        Created in the seventies, the Waterfall methodology refers to the sequential ordering of phases, including initiating, planning, executing, and closing.

·        Created in the eighties, the Waterfall methodology refers to the sequential ordering of phases, including defining, measuring, analyzing, improving, and controlling.

·        Created in the nineties, the Waterfall methodology refers to being able to move quickly and easily through a project by working on many tasks at once.

·        Created in the eighties, the Waterfall methodology refers to being able to move quickly and easily through a project by combining and eliminating tasks.

Explanation: Approach That Is Both Sequential and Linear Waterfall is an example of an approach to project management that is both sequential and linear. Using this method, each phase of the project must be finished before moving on to the next. From the beginning to the end, there is a clear progression that includes separate stages for planning, carrying out the plan, testing, and delivering the product.

The Waterfall technique divides a project into a series of predetermined phases, and after one of these stages is finished, there is either very little or no revisiting of the stages that came before it. Waterfall is a strategy that is especially useful for projects that have well specified requirements and where only minor adjustments are anticipated throughout the course of the development process. This approach stands in contrast to more iterative and flexible approaches, such as Agile.

5. What is the main advantage of the Waterfall methodology over the Agile approach?

Answers

·        Waterfall takes a flexible approach, letting teams make adjustments as they go.

·        Waterfall focuses on reducing waste within an operation.

·        Waterfall allows for easy reorganization of tasks as the project progresses.

·        Waterfall has clearly defined expectations and helps teams avoid expensive changes to a project once it has started.

Explanation: The simplicity of the Waterfall technique and the ease with which it may be managed are the two key advantages it has over the Agile approach. The Waterfall methodology organizes the development of a project as the progression of a project through a series of stages, with the need that each phase be finished before going on to the next. It is much simpler to plan, manage, and keep tabs on the development of the project as a result of its organized and sequential character.

6. Which project management approach includes the following phases: define, measure, analyze, improve, control.

Answers

·        Agile methodology

·        Linear methodology

·        Lean Six Sigma methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: The Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control stages of the DMAIC methodology are the steps that make up the project management strategy known as the DMAIC methodology. The DMAIC framework is an essential part of the Six Sigma technique, which is a strategy that is often used in the pursuit of process improvement and optimization.

7. Which of the following are project manager responsibilities during the planning phase? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Get project approval

·        Establish the team

·        Create a budget

·        Set the schedule

 

8. Which of the following are project manager responsibilities during the execution phase? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Handle communication for the team

·        Manage the project’s progress

·        Make adjustments to the schedule, budget, and resources

·        Do the majority of the work

 

9. In which project phase does it help to ask questions such as: “Who are the stakeholders?”, “What skills and resources will the project require?”, and “What are the client’s or customer’s goals?”

Answers

·        Make a plan

·        Execute the project

·        Close the project

·        Initiate the project

Explanation: During the Initiation Phase of a project, questions like "Who are the stakeholders?" and "What skills and resources will the project require?" as well as "What are the client's or customer's goals?" are often addressed. The first part of a project's life cycle is called the Initiation part. During this phase, the project is explicitly defined on a high-level overview scale. The aim of the project, its scope, its goals, and its early feasibility all need to be defined more precisely.

Key actions that should be performed during the Initiation Phase of a project include identifying stakeholders, establishing project objectives, comprehending resource needs, and evaluating the overall feasibility and viability of the project. These activities provide the basis for the succeeding stages of the project, which are planning and execution, respectively.

10. Which project management approach uses the 5S quality tool, the DMAIC process, and Kanban boards?

Answers

·        Scrum

·        Lean Six Sigma

·        Waterfall

·        Agile

Explanation: It is standard practice to link the Six Sigma technique with the project management approach known as Kanban boards, the 5S quality tool, the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) process, and other similar tools and procedures.

Shuffle Q/A 1

11. Choose the best definition for a project management methodology.

Answers

·        A project management methodology is a set of guiding ethical values for operating a project through its life cycle.

·        A project management methodology is a set of guiding laws and measures for owning a project through its life cycle.

·        A project management methodology is a set of guiding tasks and measurements for owning a project through its life cycle.

·        A project management methodology is a set of guiding principles and processes for owning a project through its life cycle.

Explanation: A collection of guiding concepts, procedures, and practices that facilitate the planning, execution, and completion of projects in a way that is methodical and well-structured. It offers a structure that project managers and teams may use to efficiently manage resources, timeframes, and deliverables, hence increasing the likelihood that the project will be successful.

 

12. Which project management methodology is organized in sequential phases (including initiating, planning, executing, and closing)?

Answers

·        Lean Six Sigma methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        DMAIC methodology

Explanation: The Waterfall approach is a system for managing projects that is comprised of stages that are carried out in a sequential order. These phases include initiating, planning, carrying out, and closing. There is a linear progression through the project life cycle when using the Waterfall methodology, in which each phase of the project must be finished before moving on to the next. This organized method works very well for projects that have well defined criteria and where there is little room for adjustment throughout the development phase.

 

13. As a project manager, you start a project with concrete timelines and strict deliverables. What project management methodology should you use?

Answers

·        Waterfall methodology

·        Control methodology

·        Scrum methodology

·        Agile methodology

Explanation: If you start a project with specific timetables and rigorous deliverables, the Waterfall technique would be a viable choice for you to use as a project management methodology. In the waterfall method of project management, each phase is finished before moving on to the next one in the sequence. This method is noted for its sequential and linear approach. It is especially useful in situations in which the needs of the project are clearly outlined and only minor adjustments are anticipated throughout the course of the development process.

The process of completing a project using the Waterfall methodology involves adhering to a predetermined order of stages, including initiation, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closure, along with well-defined milestones and due dates. This approach entails the creation of an extensive strategy right from the get-go and works particularly effectively for undertakings that have a clear idea of what they are supposed to accomplish.

 

14. A project manager monitors the current process of a project closely. They want to avoid the project reverting to previous inefficient ways. What phase of the Lean Six Sigma methodology involves these activities?

Answers

·        Improve

·        Analyze

·        Control

·        Define

Explanation: The Control phase is the part of the Lean Six Sigma approach that entails conducting careful monitoring of the process at hand in order to forestall a reversion to less effective methods that were used before. The DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) method consists of five stages: the fifth and final stage is called "Control."

In the Control phase of the project, the primary goals are to ensure that the gains achieved throughout the project are preserved and to forestall a recurrence of circumstances that were less than ideal in the past. This requires putting control measures into effect, creating monitoring systems, and making sure that the enhanced processes are maintained over an extended period of time. Control charts, key performance indicators (KPIs), and many other monitoring tools are often used in order to monitor and control the performance of an ongoing process.

 

15. While planning the project, a project manager considers possible delays, budget changes, and legal issues. What are they trying to reduce by considering these things?

Answers

·        Plans

·        Resources

·        Deliverables

·        Risks

Explanation: During the planning phase of a project, a project manager will attempt to limit and manage the risks associated with the project by taking into consideration potential delays, changes to the budget, and legal difficulties. The process of identifying, analyzing, and minimizing any risks that may have an effect on the successful completion of a project is what constitutes risk management, which is a crucial part of the planning process for every project.

By addressing these elements throughout the planning phase of the project, the project manager will have the ability to establish strategies and contingency plans that will minimize the effect of risks should they materialize. It assists in the formulation of educated judgments, the establishing of reasonable expectations, and the boosting of the possibility of successful project delivery in spite of uncertainty.

 

16. A project manager writes weekly progress reports and adjusts the project timeline as the team completes tasks. At what stage of the project do these events occur?

Answers

·        Initiation

·        Closing

·        Planning

·        Execution

Explanation: During the Execution Phase of a project, the events that cause a project manager to create weekly status reports and alter the project timetable in response to the team's progress in completing tasks often take place. The Execution Phase of a project is the stage in which the project plan is implemented, and activities are carried out in accordance with the timetable that has been established.

During this phase of the project, the project manager is responsible for keeping a careful eye on how tasks are progressing, ensuring that the team is working toward the desired outcomes, and modifying the project timetable as required. It is common practice to prepare weekly progress reports in order to present stakeholders and team members with up-to-date information on the state of the project, its successes, and any modifications that have been made to the plan. During this phase, active project management is required in order to maintain the project's trajectory and solve any problems that may crop up.

 

17. A project manager has documented what went well in the project and reflects on ways to improve in the future. What project phase have they just completed?

Answers

·        Execute the project

·        Initiate the project

·        Make a plan

·        Close the project

Explanation: The Closing Phase of the project has now been successfully finished by the project manager. During the Closing Phase, the project manager is responsible for conducting a project review, documenting lessons learned, and reflecting on what aspects of the project went well and which aspects may need some work. During this phase, the project will be wrapped up, any remaining deliverables will be completed, acceptance from the client or other stakeholders will be obtained, and the project will be officially closed. The documenting of the lessons gained provides useful insights that may be used to future initiatives and leads to ongoing development.

 

18. Which project methodology is more traditional where tasks or phases are completed in a linear, sequential manner?

Answers

·        Lean

·        Agile

·        Waterfall

·        Scrum

Explanation: The Waterfall technique is the approach to project management that is more conventional in nature and takes a method that is linear and sequential in nature, in which activities or stages are finished one after the other. In the Waterfall methodology, the project moves in a linear fashion through a series of stages that have been determined in advance. These phases include Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing. It is necessary to reach the end of each stage before going on to the subsequent one, and there is little opportunity for returning to earlier stages after those phases have been accomplished. This systematic technique is appropriate for projects that have their needs well-defined and a solid comprehension of the product that will be produced in the end.

 

19. A project manager creates a timeline and defines all tasks that the team needs to complete. What phase of the project life cycle are they implementing?

Answers

·        Close the project

·        Execute and complete tasks

·        Making a plan

·        Initiate the project

Explanation: The Planning Phase of the project life cycle is now being put into action by the project manager. During the Planning Phase, the project manager produces a comprehensive plan for the project. This plan outlines all of the tasks that the team is responsible for completing and provides a timetable. The goals of the project, its scope, the resources that will be needed, the timetables that will be developed, and the overall plan that will be used to direct the project through its execution are all aspects that are determined at this phase. The plan for the project acts as a kind of road map for the team, defining how the project will be carried out and giving a foundation for monitoring and regulating actions throughout the period of the project where it is being carried out.

 

20. As a project manager, you documented the deliverables for a project and showcased the project’s value to leadership. The project has been approved. What is the next phase of the project lifecycle?

Answers

·        Plan the project

·        Initiate the project

·        Execute the project

·        Close the project

Explanation: The next step in the project lifecycle is the Execution step, which begins after the deliverables have been documented and the value of the project has been shown to leadership. If the project has been authorized, this phase will begin. During the phase known as "Execution," the project plan is put into action, and the team starts working on the planned tasks and activities in order to create the project deliverables. During this phase, active project management, coordination, and monitoring are carried out in order to guarantee that the project continues to progress as planned and achieves its goals. The phase of the project that constitutes the bulk of the work to be done is an essential one.

 

21. As a project manager, your team is creating a product that will require flexibility—changes are likely to occur. Also, tasks will overlap or happen at the same time as other tasks. Which project management methodology is the best for your project?

Answers

·        Circular methodology

·        Linear methodology

·        Iterative methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: A style of project management that allows for flexibility and adaptation is the one that is going to be most ideal for a project in which it is expected that changes will occur and tasks could perhaps overlap or occur simultaneously. In situations like these, the agile technique is often the most suitable option.

The iterative and incremental approach that is characteristic of agile development makes room for adaptability in the face of shifting priorities and needs. It places an emphasis on teamwork, listening to input from customers, and having the capacity to adjust to changing requirements of the project. Iterations or sprints are often used to refer to the short development cycles that are used in agile project management. At the conclusion of each cycle, a functioning product increment is generally provided.

Due to the flexibility it provides, Agile is an excellent choice for projects where the requirements may not be completely understood at the outset or may be subject to change while it is being developed. It encourages continual communication, cooperation, and the capacity to modify the direction the project is headed in depending on input and changing conditions.

 

22. Which answer best describes the Agile project management methodology?

Answers

·        Created in the seventies, the Agile methodology refers to the sequential ordering of phases, including initiating, planning, executing, and closing.

·        Created in the nineties, the Agile methodology refers to being able to move quickly and easily through a project by working on many tasks at once.

·        Created in the eighties, the Agile methodology refers to being able to move quickly and easily through a project by combining and eliminating tasks.

·        Created in the eighties, the Agile methodology refers to the sequential ordering of phases, including defining, measuring, analyzing, improving, and controlling.

Explanation: An method to project management that is iterative and gradual, putting an emphasis on flexibility, cooperation, and the input of customers. Agile methodology encourages continual adaptability to shifting priorities and needs by breaking down projects into a series of smaller, more manageable chunks.

Shuffle Q/A 2

23. What is the main advantage of the Agile approach over the Waterfall methodology?

Answers

·        Agile takes a flexible approach, letting teams make adjustments as they go.

·        Agile focuses on reducing waste within an operation.

·        Agile allows the project manager to make centralized decisions and assign tasks.

·        Agile has clearly defined expectations and helps teams avoid expensive changes to a project once it has started.

Explanation: The capacity of the Agile approach to be flexible and adaptable in the face of change is the primary reason why it is preferred over the Waterfall technique. The Agile methodology breaks down a project into a series of smaller "iterations" or "sprints," which permits incremental progress and regular reevaluation of the order of priorities. When working with projects in which the needs are not well-defined up front or are anticipated to change, this flexibility is especially advantageous since it allows for more adaptability.

24. What phase in the Lean Six Sigma methodology focuses on collecting data to look at the current process and locate exactly where the problems are?

Answers

·        Analyze

·        Control

·        Define

·        Measure

Explanation: The phase of the Lean Six Sigma approach known as "Measure" is the one that places an emphasis on the collection of data for the purpose of analyzing the present process and pinpointing the specific locations of any issues that may exist. The second step in the DMAIC process, which stands for "Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control," is the Measure phase.

The project team collects data pertaining to the process in order to measure its performance while in the Measure phase of the project. To do this, it is necessary to first identify critical process parameters, then gather data, and then construct a baseline for the present condition of the process. To do this, a complete knowledge of the process as a whole as well as the identification of particular areas in which changes may be made are both necessary steps.

 

25. After a team meeting, the project manager realizes there might be a delay in delivery due to an unexpected obstacle. They reach out to the clients to explain the situation. At what stage of the project would this event take place?

Answers

·        Execution

·        Closing

·        Initiation

·        Planning

Explanation: During the Monitoring and Controlling Phase of the project, the event that causes the project manager to understand that there may be a delay in delivery due to an unanticipated hurdle and to contact the customers to explain the issue is often the one that takes place.

Throughout the Monitoring and Controlling Phase of the project, the project manager is responsible for actively supervising project operations, monitoring progress, and resolving any difficulties or impediments that may develop throughout the course of the project. During this phase, you will evaluate the actual performance of the project in comparison to the plan, and then make any necessary revisions. A crucial component of efficient project monitoring and management is maintaining open lines of communication with all of the project's stakeholders, including clients, on any changes, dangers, or possible delays.

 

26. In which project plan phase does the project manager celebrate successes and release the team to support other projects within the company?

Answers

·        Make a plan

·        Close the project

·        Execute the project

·        Initiate the project

Explanation: In most cases, the Closing Phase of a project is when the project manager will have a party to honor the team's accomplishments and then release them to work on other projects within the organization. After a successful completion of the project, the project management will go on to the Closing step, which is the last step of the project life cycle. During this phase, the project manager will officially shut down the project.

During this phase, the project manager evaluates the accomplishments of the project, carries out a project review or retrospective, celebrates victories, notes lessons learned, and releases team members to go on to other projects or responsibilities. It entails putting an end to any open contracts, collecting any necessary final permissions, and ensuring that all project deliverables have been finished and sent to the appropriate parties.

 

27. Which project management approach uses the 5S quality tool and implements a Kanban scheduling system to manage production?

Answers

·        Lean

·        Agile

·        Scrum

·        Waterfall

28. Which of the following are phases of the project life cycle? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Improve and control

·        Execute and complete tasks

·        Close the project

·        Initiate the project

29. Your team has completed the tasks required and delivered the product on time to the client. What is the next phase of the project lifecycle?

Answers

·        Initiate the project

·        Plan the project

·        Execute the project

·        Close the project

30. A project manager sets the schedule for the project and establishes team roles. In what phase of the project do these activities occur?

Answers

·        Closing

·        Updating

·        Initiating

·        Planning

Explanation: During the Planning Phase of a project, the activities of creating team responsibilities and determining the project's timeline often take place. During the Planning Phase of the project, the project manager is responsible for working on the development of an all-encompassing project plan that details numerous components of the project.

31. What project management methodology requires the team to complete the previous phase before the next phase starts?

Answers

·        Iterative methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        Flexible methodology

·        Linear methodology

Explanation: The Waterfall technique is one of the approaches to project management that calls for the team to finish one phase before moving on to the next one. The Waterfall methodology organizes the development of a project such that it moves in an orderly and methodical fashion through a series of stages that have been established in advance. It is necessary to reach the end of each stage before going on to the subsequent one, and there is little opportunity for returning to earlier stages after those phases have been accomplished.

The stages of Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing are the usual phases that are included in the Waterfall technique. This systematic method works particularly well for projects that have their needs well outlined and a solid comprehension of the product that will be produced in the end.

 

32. A project manager starts a project to build a new website. The team will launch the new homepage first and then update the remaining pages. What project management methodology should the project manager use?

Answers

·       Analyze methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        Lean Six Sigma Methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: The project manager may want to consider employing the Agile process given the strategy of upgrading the older sites once the new homepage has been introduced. Agile is distinguished by its iterative and incremental methodology, which enables the delivery of tiny, functional increments of the project in brief cycles known as iterations or sprints. These short cycles may be broken down into iterations.

33. As a project manager, your team is launching a new product. Each step to launch the product includes clearly defined tasks. A task won’t begin until another task ends. Also, once the project starts, any changes to the product will be expensive. Which project management methodology is best for this project?

Answers

·        Lean Six Sigma methodology

·        Scrum methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

·        Agile methodology

Explanation: Even while Waterfall is a structured technique, it is vital to keep in mind that in comparison to Agile approaches, it may not be as flexible in terms of being able to respond to changes. If adaptability and flexibility are of the utmost importance, an agile methodology may be worth considering; nonetheless, it is essential to evaluate this possibility in light of the particular needs and restrictions of the project.

 

34. What phase in the Lean Six Sigma methodology involves identifying gaps and issues from the data collected through surveys and reports?

Answers

·        Impact

·        Measure

·        Control

·        Analyze

Explanation: In the Lean Six Sigma approach, the Analyze phase is often the phase that includes detecting gaps and problems from the data acquired via surveys and reports. This phase may be found in the middle of the process. The DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) method is broken down into five distinct phases: the third step is called Analyze.

The data that has been gathered is analyzed by the project team during the phase known as "Analyze," in which they look for trends, underlying causes of issues, and potential improvement areas. During this stage, a variety of analytical approaches are used with the goals of gaining comprehension of the procedures involved and identifying the elements that are responsible for the existence of problems or voids. It is an important stage in gaining an insight of the present status of the process and laying the groundwork for improvement efforts in following phases of the work.

Shuffle Q/A 3

35. Fill in the blank: Before moving into the planning phase, a project manager needs to receive _____ from the decision maker(s).

Answers

·        a project schedule

·        resources

·        project approval

·        budgetary funds

Explanation: It is necessary for a project manager to get consent from the person or people responsible for making decisions before going on to the planning phase. The permission guarantees that the project manager will have the required support and authority to go forward with the project's thorough planning. The official commitment to continue with the project and allot resources for its planning and execution is signaled by this stage, which is a critical one in the process of project management since it represents the decision to carry on with the project.

 

36. A project manager completes a report to communicate final results with the project’s stakeholders. At what stage of the project would this event take place?

Answers

·        Execution

·        Initiation

·        Planning

·        Closing

Explanation: During the Closing Phase of a project, the event that takes place in which a project manager completes a report to communicate final outcomes with the project's stakeholders normally takes place. The Closing Phase is the last phase in the project life cycle, and it is during this phase that the project manager brings the project to a formal conclusion and ties up any loose ends.

During this phase, the project manager is responsible for preparing a final report or project summary and presenting it to the project's stakeholders. This report should emphasize the project's successes, results, and lessons learned. Sharing project outcomes, receiving final approvals, and enabling a seamless transition from the project to succeeding efforts all need effective communication, which is why this communication is so important.

 

37. As a project manager, you have gotten approval from your leadership team and planned the project from start to finish. What is the next step in the project phase?

Answers

·        Make a plan

·        Initiate the project

·        Execute the project

·        Close the project

38. A project manager evaluates how the project went and celebrates the team’s hard work. What phase of the project life cycle are they implementing?

Answers

·        Improve and control

·        Execute and complete tasks

·        Close the project

·        Initiate the project

Explanation: The Closing Phase of the project life cycle is the phase in which the project manager does an evaluation of how well the project went, recognizes the efforts of the team, and either conducts a retrospective or reviews the project. The Closing Phase is the last step in the project life cycle, and its purpose is to put the finishing touches on the project once it has been successfully completed.

39. What project management methodology would work best for building a house?

Answers

·        Iterative methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        Linear methodology

·        Flexible methodology

40. As a project manager, you need to plan the catering for the week-long company retreat. The budget is very tight and catering is precise. What is the best project management methodology to use?

Answers

·        Define methodology

·        Lean Six Sigma Methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: A project management technique that allows for flexibility, adaptation, and continual improvement may be better ideal for the task of organizing the catering for a week-long business retreat with a limited budget and the need for accuracy in the planning process. It is possible that the Agile technique might work well in this situation.

41. As a project manager, your team is improving one of your client’s current sales conversion processes. This is a complex project with many steps. It’s also high-risk. One missed step could cost your client significant potential revenue. Which project management methodology is best for this project?

Answers

·        Lean Six Sigma methodology

·        Sequential methodology

·        Linear methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: A project management approach that provides for extensive planning, risk reduction, and adaptation to changes may be the most suited choice for a difficult and high-risk project requiring the enhancement of a client's sales conversion procedures. The project will include the development of new software. In this kind of situation, the Risk-Driven or Risk-Adjusted Project Management strategy, which is often connected with the Risk Management Framework (RMF), can be useful.

42. Which of the following are project manager responsibilities during the initiation phase? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Create a budget

·        Define project goals

·        Get project approval

·        Determine resources needed

43. What are the phases of the project life cycle?

Answers

·        Initiate the project, make a plan, communicate progress, close the project

·        Make a plan, initiate the project, communicate progress, close the project

·        Initiate the project, make a plan, measure and analyze tasks, close the project

·        Initiate the project, make a plan, execute and complete tasks, close the project

44. What project management methodology allows some of the phases and tasks to overlap?

Answers

·        Iterative methodology
           

·        Ordered methodology

·        Linear methodology

·        Agile methodology

Explanation: The Agile project management technique allows certain stages and activities to be completed in parallel with one another. Agile methodology takes an iterative and incremental approach, in contrast to more conventional approaches such as Waterfall, which require each phase to be finished before moving on to the next.

45. What project management strategy involves adjusting to changes as they emerge and working with regular client feedback to deliver the best value as quickly as possible?

Answers

·        Lean Six Sigma methodology

·        DMAIC methodology

·        Agile methodology

·        Waterfall methodology

Explanation: The Agile technique is most generally identified with the project management strategy that entails reacting to changes as they develop and working with regular customer input in order to produce the greatest value as rapidly as feasible.

46. The Lean Six Sigma approach includes which of the following phases?

Answers

·        Impact, measure, define, control, analyze

·        Define, measure, analyze, improve, control

·        Connect, control, impact, apply, analyze

·        Measure, define, apply, improve, control

Shuffle Q/A 4

47. Fill in the blank: _____ can be people, equipment, software programs, vendors or locations needed to complete a project.

Answers

·        A budget

·        A resource

·        An approval

·        A team

Explanation: A project may need several resources, such as people, equipment, software programs, suppliers, or locations, to be completed successfully.

 

48. Which of the following are project manager responsibilities during the closing phase? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Complete the project proposal

·        Reflect on lessons learned

·        Ensure all tasks are complete

·        Confirm acceptance of the project outcome

49. A project manager has identified the major milestones of the project and what tasks make up each milestone. What project phase have they just completed?

Answers

·        Make a plan

·        Execute the project

·        Initiate the project

·        Close the project

50. What phase of the project management life cycle involves keeping the team motivated and ensuring they complete tasks on time?

Answers

·        Execute the project

·        Initiate the project

·        Plan the project

·        Close the project

Explanation: The Planning Phase of the project has now been successfully concluded by the project manager. One of the most important things to perform in the Planning Phase of the project is to determine the main project milestones and then break down the tasks that are related with each of those milestones. Creating a comprehensive plan for the project that details the order of activities, any dependencies between those activities, the resources that will be needed, and the timetable for accomplishing each milestone is essential.

A roadmap for the project is established by the project manager, who does this by defining milestones and activities. This provides a clear strategy for carrying out the project. This phase of planning lays the groundwork for the future stages of the project life cycle, which are comprised of execution, monitoring, and control, respectively.

51. In which project plan phase does the project manager celebrate successes and release the team to support other projects within the company?

Answers

·        Close the project

·        Make a plan

·        Execute the project

·        Initiate the project

Explanation: In the Execution Phase of the Project Management Life Cycle, one of the most important aspects is making sure the team stays motivated and makes sure they do their assignments on time. During the phase known as "Execution," the project plan is implemented, and the team working on the project is responsible for carrying out the various actions and responsibilities indicated in the plan.

52. Which project management approach is an Agile framework that delivers products through an iterative process?

Answers

·        Lean

·        Scrum

·        Six Sigma

·        Waterfall

Explanation: Scrum is most often connected with the Agile framework, which aims to produce products via an iterative process. Scrum is a framework for Agile project management and product development that offers a structured but flexible method of delivering goods. Scrum was developed by Agile software developers. It places an emphasis on iterative development, collaborative effort, and input from customers.

53. A project manager defines the project goals and identifies a budget. What phase of the project life cycle are they implementing?

Answers

·        Initiate the project

·        Improve and control

·        Close the project

·        Execute and complete tasks

54. Which of the following are project manager responsibilities during the planning phase? Select all that apply.

Answers

·        Establish the team

·        Close the project

·        Set the schedule

·        Determine roles and responsibilities of team members

55. Why should project managers always initiate a project (phase one) before making a plan (phase two)?

Answers

·        Because determining scope, cost, and timeline is crucial to creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities

·        Because creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities is crucial to understanding scope, cost, and timeline

·        Because executing and completing tasks successfully is crucial to creating a budget, setting a schedule, and determining roles and responsibilities

·        Because establishing your team is crucial to have in place before understanding scope, cost, and timeline

56. In which project phase does the project manager break down barriers for teammates and address weaknesses in task processes?

Answers

·        Execute the project

·        Make a plan

·        Initiate the project

·        Close the project

Explanation: During the Executing Phase of the project, the phase that normally happens most of the time, the project manager will typically address shortcomings in task procedures and tear down barriers for colleagues during this phase. During the phase known as "Executing," the project plan is put into action, and project activities are carried out with the intention of achieving the project's goals.

57. Which project methodology involves reducing variations by ensuring that quality processes are followed every time?

Answers

·        Agile

·        Six Sigma

·        Scrum

·        Waterfall

Explanation: It is common practice to equate Six Sigma with the project approach that seeks to reduce variances by making it mandatory that quality procedures be adhered to at all times. Six Sigma is a methodology and collection of tools for improving processes that aims to reduce the number of errors and deviations that occur throughout certain processes.