1. What are the two main parts that make up an operating system?
Answers
· Users and Software
· Kernel and Userspace
· Windows and Mac
· Kernel and Packages
2. What are the main components of file management? Check all that apply.
Answers
· File system
· File data
· Metadata
· NTFS
3. What is the last step in booting a computer?
Answers
· Execute the bootloader.
· Load up drivers.
· Perform a POST.
· User space is launched.
Explanation: The loading of the operating system is often the last stage in the process of a computer starting up or booting up. Following the completion of the first hardware checks and the execution of the system BIOS or UEFI firmware, control of the computer is transferred to the operating system loader. This component is accountable for loading the operating system into the random access memory (RAM) of the computer.
When the operating system has been successfully loaded into memory, the system is then prepared for the user to communicate with the computer. Depending on how the system has been configured, the operating system will either provide the user with a user interface or a command prompt once it has taken control of the system and initialized the different system components.
The first firmware and hardware checks are followed by the transition to the loading and execution of the operating system, which prepares the machine for interaction with the user. This is the last stage in the booting process.
4. Which of these is a GUI? Check all that apply.
Answers
· BASH
· MS-DOS
· iOS
· Chrome OS
5. Which of these are considered I/O devices? Check all that apply.
Answers
· Speakers
· CPU
· Webcams
· Monitors
6. True or false: If you have a 32-bit CPU architecture, it's recommended to use a 64-bit operating system.
Answers
· True
· False
Explanation: The following input/output (I/O) devices are included on the list: a printer, a scanner, an external hard drive, a keyboard, a mouse, webcam speakers, and a touchscreen.
7. If you want to boot into a USB drive, how do you change your boot settings?
Answers
· Login to the machine.
· Replace the CPU.
· Go into the BIOS settings and change the boot settings
· Wipe the computer.
Explanation: Changing the boot settings in the computer's BIOS or UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is often required in order to boot from a USB device. BIOS stands for "Basic Input/Output System," while UEFI stands for "Unified Extensible Firmware Interface."
8. What is the file manager in macOS called?
Answers
· Finder
· File Explorer
· Konqueror
· Midnight Commander
Explanation: Finder is the program for managing files and folders that comes preinstalled with macOS. It has a graphical user interface that allows users to explore their Mac's file system, organize their files and folders, and do other file-related tasks. Users may navigate through directories using Finder, examine information about files, copy and move files, and carry out a variety of other file management operations with this application.
9. What command can you use to create a file using bash?
Answers
· cat
· ls
· touch
· mkfile
Explanation: Simply change the word "filename" to the name you wish to give the new file you're going to create. If the file is already there, touch will update the timestamp that indicates the last time it was modified. In the event that the file does not already exist, touch will create a new, empty file using the name you provide.
10. A ____ is an emulation of a physical machine.
Answers
· BIOS
· virtual machine
· driver
Explanation: An emulation of a real machine is referred to as a virtual machine (VM for short). Virtual machines are software-based representations of actual computers that, like their physical counterparts, are capable of running an operating system and applications. Virtual machines may be created from physical computers. The use of virtualization software to build and manage these machines is what makes it possible for several virtual computers to coexist on a single physical server.
The concept of virtualization makes it possible for users to run numerous operating systems on a single physical computer. This provides users with flexibility, efficiency in the use of resources, and separation between the many computing environments. Server virtualization, software development and testing, and cloud computing are just few of the many applications that make extensive use of virtual machines.